Table 4.

Probability (P) values from mixed-model ANOVA of disease severity and area under disease-progress curve (AUDPC) in the experiments of 2006 and 2007.

Year	Variable	Time (days after sowing)	Case 1	Case 2
			Maternal CO2	Maternal CO2	Plant type	Maternal CO2 × Plant type
2005	Disease severity	76	0.606z	0.780	0.005	0.759
2006	Disease onset		0.560	0.897	0.067	0.714
	Disease severity	59	0.008	0.220	<0.001	0.304
		69	0.020	0.328	0.001	0.095
	AUDPC		0.007	0.411	<0.001	0.008
2007	Disease severity	55	0.631
		63	0.413	0.755	0.001	0.081
		69	0.365	0.621	0.004	0.147
		76	0.514
	AUDPC		0.457	0.894	0.001	0.201

Mixed models consisted of one-way ANOVA (Case 1) or two-way ANOVA (Case 2), and only fixed effects are presented (for random effects, see Materials and Methods). A more complex model with time as additional factor resulted in interactions between time and other factors (data not shown). P values ≤ 0.05 were indicated in bold digits, P values ≤ 0.1 and > 0.05 were underlined. Empty fields and missing time points represent variables which failed to meet the assumptions of ANOVA. ^zIncluding only individuals with known plant type in Case 1. If individuals of unknown plant type (flower color was not determined) were also included, the ANOVA of disease severity resulted in P < 0.001. In the latter case, disease severity was significantly higher for high-CO₂ (440 and 600 ppm maternal CO₂) than for low-CO₂ progenies (280 ppm maternal CO₂; Tukey–Kramer HSD test, P ≤ 0.05).