Table 1.
Induction of homologous recombination and activation of transposons under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
| Stress | References | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| INDUCTION OF HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION | ||
| UV light | Puchta et al. (1995) | Arabidopsis |
| Ries et al. (2000) | Tobacco (UV-B) | |
| Filkowski et al. (2004) | Tobacco (UV-C) | |
| Oxidative stress | Kovalchuk et al. (2003b) | Arabidopsis – Paraquat; Rose Bengal |
| Filkowski et al. (2004) | Tobacco – Rose Bengal; UV-C | |
| Salt | Boyko et al. (2006) | Arabidopsis – 50 mM NaCl |
| Puchta et al. (1995) | Arabidopsis – 100 mM NaCl | |
| Heat shock | Lebel et al. (1993) | Tobacco protoplasts – 45–50°C |
| Viruses | Kovalchuk et al. (2003a) | Tobacco – TMV; oilseed rape mosaic virus (ORMV) |
| Peronospora parasitica | Lucht et al. (2002) | Arabidopsis |
| TRANSCRIPTION/ACTIVATION OF TRANSPOSONS | ||
| UV light | Walbot (1992) | Maize – mutator element (UV – 254 nm) |
| Kimura et al. (2001) | Oat – Ty1-copia (OARE-1) | |
| Ramallo et al. (2008) | Melon – Reme1, copia-like (UV – 252 nm) | |
| Salt | De Felice et al. (2009) | Citrus limon – Ty1-copia-like, 1-month-old regenerated plants grown on 0.7% NaCl |
| Drought | Ramallo et al. (2008) | Melon – no activation of Reme1, copia-like |
| Aprile et al. (2009) | Bread wheat – transposons and retrotransposon | |
| Wounding | Pérez-Hormaeche et al. (2008) | Tobacco Tnt1 introduced into Arabidopsis plants |
| Tissue culture/protoplasts | Hirochika (1993) | Tobacco – Tnt1, Tto1, Tto2 |
| Pouteau et al. (1991) | ||
| Hirochika et al. (1996) | Rice (Oryza sativa) – Tos17 retroelement | |
| Pearce et al. (1996) | Potato protoplasts-Ty-1 copia retroelement | |
| Ngezahayo et al. (2009) | Rice – mPing element | |
| Tanurdzic et al. (2008) | Arabidopsis cell suspension culture | |
| Viruses | Johns et al. (1985) | Maize – copia-like (barley-stripe-mosaic virus, BSMV) |
| Agrobacterium tumefaciens | Bhatt et al. (1998) | Transgenic Arabidopsis lines, (Landsberg erecta ecotype) – Tag1 |
| Heat (37°C, 24 h) | Ito et al. (2011) | Arabidopsis thaliana – copia-type retrotransposon ONSEN |
| Pecinka et al. (2010) | Arabidopsis – prolonged heat stress (30 h) at 37°C | |