yrbG (E. coli) |
YRBG |
Putative Na+/Ca2+ exchange – unconfirmed |
Inner membrane |
Unknown; not involved in regulating cytosolic Ca2+; not essential |
Naseem et al. (2008) |
NCX1 (human, mouse) |
NCX |
Na+/Ca2+ exchange; stoichiometry: 3Na+:1Ca2+
|
Plasma membrane |
Ca2+ efflux from cell in heart, brain, kidney |
Blaustein and Lederer (1999) |
AtMHX (Arabidopsis) |
NCX (MHX) |
Mg2+/H+ and Zn2+/H+ exchange; electrogenic |
Vacuole |
Vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration; Mg2+ homeostasis |
Shaul et al. (1999) |
NCKX1 (bovine, human) |
NCKX |
K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchange; stoichiometry: 4Na+:1Ca2+, 1K+
|
Plasma membrane |
Ca2+ efflux in rod photoreceptor retina cells to allow light-triggered signal generation |
Reilander et al. (1992), Schnetkamp (1995) |
NCKX6/NCLX (human, mouse) |
CCX |
Na+/Ca2+ and Li+/Ca2+ exchange, K+-independent? |
Mitochondria |
Mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux by Na+/Ca2+ exchange |
Cai and Lytton (2004b), Palty et al. (2004, 2010) |
AtCCX3 (Arabidopsis) |
CCX |
K+/H+, Na+/H+, and Mn2+/H+ exchange |
Endo-membrane |
Vesicle ion uptake; K+ homeostasis in flower tissues |
Morris et al. (2008) |
chaA (E. coli) |
CAX (CHAA) |
Ca2+/H+, Na+/H+, and K+/H+ exchange |
Inner membrane |
Outward and inward cation flux; ion homeostasis |
Ivey et al. (1993), Ohyama et al. (1994), Radchenko et al. (2006) |
VCX1 (yeast) |
CAX |
Ca2+/H+ exchange; stoichiometry: 2H+:1Ca2+
|
Vacuole |
Vacuolar Ca2+ loading; regulates cytosolic Ca2+
|
Cunningham and Fink (1994), Denis and Cyert (2002) |
AtCAX1 (Arabidopsis) |
CAX |
Ca2+/H+ exchange; stoichiometry: 3H+:1Ca2+ (based on red beet studies); can also mediate Mn2+/H+ and Cd2+/H+ exchange |
Vacuole |
Vacuolar Ca2+ loading; provides Ca2+ tolerance; determines cellular Ca2+ concentration; involved in response to stress |
Blackford et al. (1990), Hirschi et al. (1996), Cheng et al. (2003), Conn et al. (2011) |
CrCAX1 (green microalgae) |
CAX |
Ca2+/H+ and Na+/H+ exchange |
Vacuole (predicted) |
Provides vacuolar Ca2+ sequestration and Ca2+ tolerance when expressed in yeast |
Pittman et al. (2009) |
DrCAX (zebra fish) |
CAX |
Ca2+/H+ exchange |
Endo-membrane |
Neural crest development |
Manohar et al. (2010) |