Table 1.
Summary of targets and markers isolated from cancer cell-derived exosomes.
| Marker | Type | Exosome source | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amphiregulin | Protein | Breast, colorectal cancer | Invasion | Higginbotham et al. (2011) |
| CD44v6 | Protein | Rat pancreatic adenocarcinoma | Pre-metastatic niche formation | Jung et al. (2009) |
| Del-1 | Protein | Mesothelioma | Angiogenesis* | Hegmans et al. (2004), Ho et al. (2004) |
| EGFR | Protein | Pancreatic cancer, brain cancer | Proliferation*, signal transduction* | Adamczyk et al. (2011), Graner et al. (2009) |
| Hsp90α | Protein | Invasive carcinomas | Migration, invasion | McCready et al. (2010) |
| LMP1 | Protein | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Signal transduction | Meckes et al. (2010) |
| LRG1 | Protein | Non-small cell lung | Signal transduction*, cell adhesion* | Li et al. (2011) |
| MUC1 | Protein | Breast cancer | Growth*, inhibition of Apoptosis*, invasion* | Staubach et al. (2009) |
| TSPAN8 | Protein | Rat pancreatic adenocarcinoma | Endothelial cell activation, angiogenesis | Nazarenko et al. (2010), Gesierich et al. (2006) |
| Let-7 | miRNA | Lung cancer, metastatic gastric cancer | Downregulate Ras* | Takamizawa et al. (2004), Ohshima et al. (2010) |
| miR-21 | miRNA | Ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, breast, pancreatic cancer | Downregulate PDCD4* | Taylor and Gercel-Taylor (2008), Skog et al. (2008) |
| CDK8 | mRNA | Colorectal cancer | Cell division* | Hong et al. (2009) |
| EGFRvIII | mRNA | Glioblastoma | Proliferation*, signal transduction* | Skog et al. (2008), Graner et al. (2009) |
| RAD21 | mRNA | Colorectal cancer | Mitosis*, DNA repair* | Hong et al. (2009) |
*Effect of marker is implied based on other published research.