Effect of iontophoresis with diclofenac diethylammonium, gold nanoparticle gel, and association thereof on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression after a 5-day treatment period.
Notes: Data expressed as mean ± standard deviation for 15 animals of each treatment group. *P < 0.05 in comparison to the control of the group not exposed to injury; $P < 0.05 in comparison to the groups treated with iontophoresis + diclofenac and iontophoresis + G NPs. Control, external control tendon, no treatment; injury, injured tendon without treatment.
Abbreviations: I + C/C, iontophoresis + diclofenac/internal control tendon; I + C/L, iontophoresis + diclofenac/injured tendon; I + N/C, iontophoresis + G NPs/control tendon; I + N/L, iontophoresis + GNPs/injured tendon; I + N + C/C, iontophoresis + GNPs + diclofenac/internal control tendon; I + N + C/L, iontophoresis + G NPs + diclofenac/injured tendon.