Figure 2.

Dose-dependent killing of bacterial strains by chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs): (A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (B) Salmonella typhi, (C) Staphylococcus aureus, and (D) Mycobacterium smegmatis were incubated with different concentrations of CS-AgNPs. Bacterial survival was determined at 1 and 4 hours by colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. Media containing bacteria alone (control) and chitosan plus bacteria (chitosan) were used as controls. (E) Antibacterial activity of CS-AgNPs by diffusion method: CS-AgNPs at 100 ppm (20 μL) were loaded into wells formed on plates containing a lawn of P. aeruginosa; growth inhibition was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition after 24 hours; chitosan was used as a control.

Notes: Experiments were performed in triplicate; results are shown as mean plus or minus standard deviation; *P ≤ 0.05.

Abbreviation: ND, bacterial growth not detected.