Table 2.
Characteristics of tobacco users who enrolled with the 16 quitlines around the time of the April 1, 2009 federal tax increase (March 2009–May 2009) and in the same months the previous year (March 2008–May 2008) (n = 79,928).
| March–May 2008 N = 29, 674 |
March–May 2009 N = 50, 254 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | <0.0001 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 41.2 (13.7) | 41.9 (13.6) | |
| Age | % | % | 0.0005 |
| 18–24 | 13.6 | 11.5 | |
| 25–44 | 43.3 | 43.6 | |
| 45–64 | 38.4 | 39.9 | |
| 65+ | 4.8 | 5.0 | |
| Gender | % | % | 0.2822 |
| Female | 59.1 | 59.8 | |
| Race/ethnicity | % | % | 0.0005 |
| White/non-Hispanic | 77.5 | 80.1 | |
| African American/non-Hispanic | 12.1 | 10.4 | |
| American Indian/non-Hispanic | 5.2 | 4.6 | |
| Asian/non-Hispanic | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
| Hispanic | 4.4 | 4.1 | |
| Education | % | % | 0.007 |
| ≤High school | 58.6 | 61.0 | |
| Insurance status1 | % | % | 0.323 |
| Uninsured | 41.7 | 43.0 | |
| Insured | 40.5 | 38.3 | |
| Medicaid | 17.8 | 18.7 | |
| Live/work with smoker | % | % | <0.0001 |
| smokers at home | 34.0 | 37.2 | |
| smokers at work | 15.4 | 13.1 | |
| smokers at both | 16.3 | 15.3 | |
| neither | 34.4 | 34.4 | |
| Years of tobacco use1 | % | % | <0.0001 |
| 0–5 | 3.6 | 5.4 | |
| 6–19 | 25.0 | 30.9 | |
| Use Tobacco 20+ yrs | 71.4 | 63.7 | |
| Use after waking | % | % | 0.3981 |
| First use w/in 5 min | 52.0 | 52.7 | |
| Mean (s.d.) cigarettes/day | 0.006 | ||
| Mean (s.d.) | 20.0 (12.6) N = 29674 |
20.7 (12.4) N = 50254 |
|
| % Mailed NRT1 | % | % | 0.176 |
| Yes | 76.3 | 80.9 | |
| Tobacco use2 | % | % | |
| Cigar | 2.4 | 3.0 | <0.0001 |
| Pipe | 0.3 | 0.5 | <0.0001 |
| Smokeless | 3.9 | 3.6 | 0.017 |
| Chronic conditions: | % | % | |
| Asthma | 17.9 | 17.0 | 0.140 |
| Diabetes | 9.3 | 9.3 | 0.832 |
| COPD | 13.4 | 11.9 | 0.015 |
| CAD | 7.2 | 6.7 | 0.025 |
| NONE | 66.0 | 67.4 | 0.133 |
| How heard of QL | % | % | 0.0013 |
| HCP3 | 11.4 | 13.1 | |
| Family/friend | 20.3 | 31.2 | |
| Media | 34.8 | 27.0 | |
| Other | 33.6 | 28.8 | |
| Service Received | % | % | |
| % in multicall program4 | 74.7 | 65.7 | <0.0001 |
1Some variables had missing data either because the question was not routinely asked or participants did not answer the question. Items with >10% missing data include education, insurance status, duration smoked, household smoker, and percent mailed NRT.
297.3 and 97.9% (before, after) smoked cigarettes.
3HCP: health care provider.
4 N = 55,180 enrolled in the multicall program.