Figure 3.

When combined with vaccine, chemotherapy altered tumor-cell phenotype, enhanced vaccine-mediated T-cell responses, and improved survival of tumor-bearing mice. (A) Treatment with cisplatin/vinorelbine increased Fas cell-surface expression and sensitivity to CTL-mediated killing of Lewis lung carcinoma cells 48 h post-exposure in vitro. (B) Cisplatin/vinorelbine reduced the homeostatic peripheral expansion of Tregs for > 8 days in C57BL/6 mice, while CD8⁺ T cell expansion recovered by day 4 post-chemotherapy. (C) Combining cisplatin/vinorelbine with a yeast-CEA vaccine improved CD4⁺ T cell proliferation and CEA-specific T-cell responses. (D) The combination of cisplatin/vinorelbine with yeast-CEA increased survival in a murine model of established NSCLC. Adapted from.⁴⁶