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. 2012 May 8;2012:305454. doi: 10.1155/2012/305454

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The effect of apamin on expression levels of proinflammatory cytokine and adhesion molecules in LPS-treated THP-1-derived macrophages. (a) Expression levels of TNF-α in culture supernatant, as determined by ELISA, significantly inhibited by apamin in a dose-dependent manner. (b) Expression levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were determined by western blot. They were decreased by apamin in a dose-dependent manner. As a loading control, GAPDH was used to confirm equal sample loading. *P < 0.05 compared to control cells, # P < 0.05 compared to control cells treated with LPS alone.