Table 4. Models Predicting Changes in Cognitive Functioning From Changes in Child-Reported Sleep/Wake Problems (n = 250).
| Parameter | Verbal comprehension | Decision speed | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | Model 7 | Model 8 | |
| Intercept (γ00) | 446.51*** | 446.83*** | 445.69*** | 444.90*** | 452.04*** | 452.14*** | 449.68*** | 457.36*** |
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I (γ01) | .16 | .15 | .19 | .23 | −.21 | −.24 | −.08 | −.48* |
| SES composite | 0.64* | 1.12 | 0.65* | 0.64* | 0.42 | 2.91* | 0.43 | 0.43 |
| AA | −6.56*** | −6.58*** | −4.93 | −6.59*** | −2.46 | −2.48 | 3.56 | −2.49 |
| Boy | 2.23 | 2.22 | 2.24 | 4.95 | −8.24*** | −8.40*** | −8.21*** | −17.94** |
| Age | .39*** | .39*** | .39*** | .39*** | .46*** | .47*** | .46*** | .46*** |
| Puberty | −0.85 | −0.86 | −0.77 | −0.67 | −0.43 | −0.73 | −0.36 | −0.72 |
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I × SES | −.03 | −.13 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I × AA | −.08 | −.31 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I × Boy | −.14 | .50 | ||||||
| Rate of change (γ10) | 18.02*** | 17.96*** | 16.88*** | 19.68*** | 23.32*** | 23.33*** | 22.66*** | 20.98*** |
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I (γ11) | −.06 | −.05 | .00 | −.15 | .02 | −.001 | .06 | .12 |
| Sleep/Wake Problems_S (γ12) | −.07 | −.07 | −.04 | −.13 | .14 | .11 | .17 | −.06 |
| SES composite | 0.06 | −0.21 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.41 | 0.66 | 0.41 | 0.37 |
| AA | −0.31 | −0.25 | 2.39 | −0.30 | 1.85 | 1.99 | 3.39 | 1.73 |
| Boy | −0.24 | −0.26 | −0.22 | −3.65 | −1.88 | −1.99 | −1.88 | 1.64 |
| Age | −.13*** | −.13*** | −.13*** | −.13*** | −.15** | −.15 | −.15** | −.14** |
| Puberty | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.77 | 0.15 | 0.34 | 0.13 | 0.23 |
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I× SES | .02 | −.01 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_S × SES | .02 | .001 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I × AA | −.14 | −.08 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_S × AA | −.08 | −.07 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_I × Boy | .18 | −.17 | ||||||
| Sleep/Wake Problems_S × Boy | .10 | .46 | ||||||
| Variance components | ||||||||
| Within subjects | 5.76 | 5.77 | 5.76 | 5.75 | 9.38 | 9.41 | 9.40 | 9.35 |
| Between subjects | 8.85 | 8.86 | 8.87 | 8.91 | 11.71 | 11.56 | 11.70 | 11.74 |
| Goodness-of-fit statistics | ||||||||
| R2 within | .5927 | .5933 | .5948 | .5958 | .5806 | .5804 | .5807 | .5861 |
| R2 between | .3195 | .3210 | .3195 | .3178 | .3249 | .3417 | .3291 | .3286 |
| R2 total | .3797 | .3805 | .3797 | .3794 | .3765 | .3904 | .3790 | .3799 |
Note. SES = socioeconomic status; AA = African American; _I = population average intercept at Time 1 for Sleep/Wake Problems; _S = population average slope of Sleep/Wake Problems between Time 1 and Time 3.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.