Table 1. Demographic profiles between hospitalized HCAP and CAP patientsa.
| Overall, = 1635 | Type of pneumonia | P value | ||
| CAP, n = 934 | HCAP, n = 701 | |||
| Mean age (SD) | 72.8 (15.7) | 72.5(16.6) | 73.1 (14.5) | 0.47 |
| Male gender | 1172 (71.7%) | 674 (72.2%) | 498 (71%) | 0.62 |
| Smoking habit | 603 (36.9%) | 329 (35.2%) | 274 (39.1%) | 0.11 |
| Previous anti-TB treatment | 82 (5%) | 49 (5.2%) | 33 (4.7%) | 0.62 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Malignancy | 322 (19.7%) | 79 (8.5%) | 243 (34.7%) | <0.001 |
| Renal insufficiency | 199 (12.2%) | 69 (7.4%) | 130 (18.5%) | <0.001 |
| Chronic liver disease | 86 (5.3%) | 41 (4.4%) | 45 (6.4%) | 0.07 |
| Diabetes | 443 (27.1%) | 235 (25.2%) | 208 (29.7%) | 0.042 |
| COPD | 250 (15.3%) | 154 (16.5%) | 96 (13.7%) | 0.12 |
| Pneumonia severity | ||||
| PSI score | 133.3 (34.5) | 126.5 (31.7) | 142.3 (36.0) | <0.001 |
| CURB65 score | 1.81 (1.07) | 1.77 (1.05) | 1.87 (1.10) | 0.08 |
| Chest film presentation | ||||
| Upper lung involvement | 661 (40.4%) | 339 (36.3%) | 322 (45.9%) | <0.001 |
| Bilateral lung involvement | 703 (43%) | 378 (40.5%) | 325 (46.4%) | 0.017 |
| TB testing when admission | 562 (34.4%) | 375 (40.1%) | 187 (26.7%) | <0.001 |
| Pathogen in sputum culture (n = 744) | ||||
| Gram-positive bacteria | 209 (28.1%) | 131 (31.3%) | 78 (24%) | 0.08 |
| Gram-negative bacteria | 535 (71.9%) | 288 (68.7%) | 247 (76%) | 0.06 |
a
The data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise stated.
HCAP, healthcare-associated pneumonia; CAP, community acquired pneumonia; TB, tuberculosis; SD, standard deviation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PSI, pneumonia severity index; CURB65, confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age 65.