Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the normal controls, patient controls, and the renal artery stenosis patients
| Patients |
P-Valuea | P-Valueb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal (n = 30) | Control (n = 30) | RAS (n = 84) | |||
| Patient characteristics | |||||
| age (years) ± SD | 35 ± 12 | 63 ± 12 | 73 ± 9 | <0.001 | <0.01 |
| female, n (%) | 16 (53%) | 17 (57%) | 48 (57%) | 0.72 | 0.96 |
| white, non-Hispanic, n (%) | 23 (77%) | 26 (87%) | 77 (92%) | <0.001 | <0.01 |
| BMI | 25.9 ± 3.9 | 31.1 ± 8.7 | 28.6 ± 5.5 | 0.02 | 0.08 |
| systolic BP (mmHg) | 125 ± 2 | 126 ± 16 | 157 ± 31 | <0.001 | <0.01 |
| diastolic BP (mmHg) | 83 ± 3 | 78 ± 10 | 72 ± 16 | <0.001 | 0.13 |
| heart rate | 74 ± 3 | 65 ± 11 | 66 ± 12 | <0.001 | 0.96 |
| Laboratory values | |||||
| serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.91 ± 0.10 | 0.85 ± 0.24 | 1.14 ± 0.41 | 0.003 | <0.01 |
| sCD40L (pg/ml) | 65.2 ± 7.4 | 335.2 ± 211.6 | 347.5 ± 248.3 | <0.001 | 0.81 |
| platelet count (×1000) | 298 ± 27 | 236 ± 54 | 239 ± 73 | <0.001 | 0.84 |
| Indications for treatment, n (%) | |||||
| hypertension | NA | 24 (80%) | 84 (100%) | NA | <0.01 |
| congestive heart failure | NA | 1 (3%) | 20 (24%) | NA | 0.01 |
| renal dysfunction | NA | 0 (0%) | 18 (21%) | NA | 0.06 |
| angina | NA | 21 (70%) | 31 (37%) | NA | 0.02 |
| Risk factors, n (%) | |||||
| diabetes mellitus | NA | 7 (23%) | 21 (25%) | NA | 0.86 |
| peripheral vascular disease | NA | 1 (3%) | 43 (51%) | NA | <0.01 |
| hyperlipidemia | NA | 22 (73%) | 71 (85%) | NA | 0.17 |
| coronary artery disease | NA | 13 (43%) | 55 (65%) | NA | 0.03 |
| previous MI | NA | 5 (17%) | 26 (31%) | NA | 0.13 |
| history of smoking | NA | 17 (57%) | 53 (63%) | NA | 0.53 |
| Medications, n (%) | |||||
| antiplatelet | |||||
| aspirin | NA | 20 (67%) | 71 (85%) | NA | 0.04 |
| thienopyridines | NA | 9 (30%) | 39 (46%) | NA | 0.12 |
| warfarin | NA | 2 (7%) | 11 (13%) | NA | 0.34 |
Values are mean ± SD or number and percentage of patients. BMI, body mass index; sCD40L, soluble CD40 ligand; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not applicable.
a
Normal versus RAS.
b
Patient control versus RAS.