. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 May 23.

Published in final edited form as: J Sports Med Doping Stud. 2011 Nov 22;1(1):102. doi: 10.4172/2161-0673.1000102

Table 2.

Heart and lung function characteristics of men.

	Sedentary	Swimmers	Walkers	Runners	P-value
Lung Function	N=11229	N=354	N=2850	N=16161
FEV1, L	3.68 (0.70)^a ^b ^c	3.94 (0.75)^a ^d	3.79 (0.69)^b ^d ^e	3.92 (0.67)^c ^e	<0.0001
FVC, L	4.73 (0.82)^a ^b ^c	5.01 (0.89)^a ^d	4.85 (0.82)^b ^d ^e	5.01 (0.79)^c ^e	<0.0001
FEV1/FVC, %	78.00 (7.54)^a	78.66 (6.60)	78.25 (7.28)	78.38 (7.18)^a	0.19
FEV3, %	91.94 (7.40)^a	91.40 (14.66)	93.26 (25.88)	93.45 (20.83)^a	0.006
PFR, L/min	8.67 (2.71)^a ^b	8.82 (2.11)	8.84 (2.22)^a ^c	9.17 (2.23)^b ^c	<0.0001
Heart Function
Resting Heart Rate	64.6 (10.5)^a ^b ^c	57.5 (9.0)^a ^d	61.4 (10.3)^b ^d ^e	57.5 (10.2)^c ^e	<0.0001
Exercise heart rate at 5 min	117.0 (15.6)^a ^b ^c	106.8 (14.8)^a ^d	111.0 (14.2)^b ^d ^e	105.7 (14.5)^c ^e	<0.0001
Exercise heart rate at 10 min	142.9 (17.0)^a ^b ^c	131.6 (17.2)^a ^d	136.7 (16.5)^b ^d ^e	129.7 (16.8)^c ^e	<0.0001
Exercise heart rate at 15 min	166.0 (16.1)^a ^b ^c	156.2 (16.8)^a ^d	160.7 (16.1)^b ^d ^e	153.3 (16.9)^c ^e	<0.0001
Exercise systolic BP at 5 min	153.9 (22.8)^a ^b ^c	147.3 (20.1)^a	150.6 (21.8)^b ^d	148.5 (20.5)^c ^d	<0.0001
Exercise systolic BP at 10 min	172.8 (24.2)^a ^b ^c	166.4 (22.0)^a ^d	170.5 (24.2)^b ^d ^e	166.8 (22.6)^c ^e	<0.0001
Exercise systolic BP at 15 min	181.7 (21.9)	181.1 (22.1)	182.1 (22.3)	181.0 (22.2)	0.29
Heart rate recovery	66.9 (15.3)^a ^b ^c	64.7 (14.0)^a ^d ^e	68.5 (15.1)^b ^d ^f	72.74 (14.0)^c ^e ^f	<0.0001
Exercise Capacity and Volume
Exercise tolerance (mean ± SD, METs)	10.13 (1.95)^a ^b ^c	11.95 (2.31)^a ^d ^e	11.12 (2.10)^b ^d ^f	12.76 (2.41)^c ^e ^f	<0.0001
Treadmill test duration (mean ± SD, minutes)	14.5 (4.1)^a ^b ^c	18.6 (4.7)^a ^d ^e	16.9 (4.4)^b ^d ^f	20.2 (4.8)^c ^e ^f	<0.0001
MET-minutes (mean ± SD, MET-min/wk)	0 (0)^a ^b ^c	1398.7 (1444.8)^a ^d	490.8 (841.8)^b ^d ^e	1267.0 (1345.7)^c ^e	<0.0001

FEV1, forced expiratory volume in first second; FEV3, forced expiratory volume in three seconds; FVC, forced vital capacity; PRF, peak expiratory flow volume; MET, metabolic unit

^a,b,c,d,e,f

pairs denotes significant differences comparing each physical activity group with one another at p<0.05 using multiple comparisons adjusted by Tukey's post hoc test

All comparisons, except MET-minutes were adjusted for age, smoking status (never, former, current), history of myocardial infarction (yes, no), history of stroke (yes, no), history of hypertension (yes, no), history of diabetes (yes, no)

P-value denotes overall significant differences for at least one group