Table 9.

Estimates and standard errors of covariates in the best fitting mixed models fitted to height

Effect	Estimate	Standard error	p-value		Correlation	95% CI	P-value
Model a) Fitted to maternal line only ‡
Education 0&1 vs 2	-0.71	0.363	0.0508	Child and Mother	0.352	(0.271,0.427)	<0.0001
Effect of age within children				Child and MGM	0.164	(0.007, 0.312)	0.0403
Age*child	5.25	0.631	<0.0001	Child and MGF	0.25	(0.051, 0.428)	0.0137
No effect of age in other groups.				Mother and MGF	0.431	(0.243, 0.584)	<0.0001
Model (b) Paternal line only ‡
Effect of age within group.
age*Child	5.28	0.634	<0.0001	Child and father	0.509	(0.141, 0.744)	0.0071
age*PGM	-0.12	0.075	0.0957	Child and PGM	0.283	(0.078, 0.463)	0.0069
age*PGF	-0.19	0.099	0.0586	Child and PGF	0.264	(0.007, 0.486)	0.0427
No effect of age in other groups.				PGM and PGF	0.376	(0.049, 0.624)	0.0231

Also shown are the significant (p < 0.05) correlation estimates between family members.

MGM: Maternal grandmother, MGF: Maternal grandfather, PGM: Paternal grandmother, PGF: Paternal grandfather

‡ Model with vs without correlation terms p < 0.0001

Note: Sample size too small to establish a correlation between father and PGF or PGM