Hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality for the entire range of hemoglobin in African-American men (A), non–African American men (B), African-American women (C), and non–African American women (D) treated with peritoneal dialysis using a time-dependent analysis. Case-mix model is adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, pre-existing comorbid states, tobacco smoking, dialysis vintage, primary insurance, marital status, presence of diabetes, serum ferritin, iron saturation, and weekly erythropoiesis-stimulating agent dose. MICS-adjusted model includes all of the case-mix covariates as well as body mass index and eight laboratory surrogate variables for nutrition and inflammation. MICS, malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome.