Table 1.
Author | Reported year | Assay technique | Specimens and cases | % Sensitivity | % Specificity | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commercially available NAA assays |
||||||
Bonington et al. | 1998 | Roche amplicor PCR | 83 CSF/69 patients (40 TBM, 29 non-TBM): South Africa | 60 | 100 | [6] |
Lang et al. | 1998 | Modified Gen-Probe MTD | 84 CSF and children (24 TBM, 60 non-TBM): Dominica | 83 | 100 | [7] |
Bonington et al. | 2000 | Roche Cobas Amplicor PCR | 83 CSF/69 patients (40 TBM, 29 non-TBM): South Africa | 17.5 | 100 | [8] |
Chedore and Jamieson | 2002 | Gen-Frobe MTD | 311 CSF: Canada | †93.8 | †99.3 | [9] |
Pai et al. | 2003 | Review and Meta-Analysis | 14 studies with commercial NAA assays | 56 | 98 | [10] |
Thwaites et al. | 2004 | Gen-Probe MTD | 341 CSF/152 patients (73 TBM, 79 non TBM): Vietnam | 38 | 99 | [11] |
Cloud et a1. | 2004 | Modified Gen-Probe MTD | 27 CSF specimens spiked with M. tuberculosis | 17–100 | 100 | [12] |
| ||||||
Other PCR-based assays | ||||||
Kaneko et al. | 1990 | MPT64 single PCR | 26 CSF and patients (6 TBM, 20 non-TBM): Japan | 83.3 | 100 | [13] |
Shanker et al. | 1991 | MFT64 single PCR | 85 CSF and patients (34 TBM, 51 non-TBM): India | 65 | 88 | [14] |
Donald et a1. | 1993 | IS6110 single PCR | 43 CSF/20 TBM chidren: South Africa | 80 | — | [15] |
Lee et al. | 1994 | IS6110/65kDa antigen/MFT64 Single FCR | 27 CSF and patients (6 TBM, 21 non-TBM): Singapore | 100/83/83 | 38/67/90 | [16] |
Liu et al. | 1994 | MFT64 nested PCR | 100 CSF and patients (21 TBM, 79 non-TBM): Taiwan | 90 | 100 | [17] |
Folgueira et al. | 1994 | IS6110 single PCR | 25 AIDS patients (11 TBM, 14 non-TBM): Spain | 82 | 100 | [18] |
Scarpellini et al. | 1995 | IS6110 nested PCR | 68 CSF/36 AIDS patients (12 TBM, 24 non-TBM): Italy | 100 | 100 | [19] |
Lin et al. | 1995 | MFT64 single PCR | 47 CSF/45 patients (18 TBM, 27 non-TBM): Taiwan | 70 | 100 | [20] |
Kox et al. | 1995 | IS6110 single PCR | 42 patients (24 TBM, 18 non-TBM): The Netherlands | 48 | 100 | [21] |
Nguyen, et a1. | 1996 | IS6110 single PCR | 136 TBM patients: Vietnam | 32 | 100 | [22] |
Seth et a1. | 1996 | MFT64 single PCR | 89 CSF and patients (40 TBM, 49 non-TBM): India | 85 | 94 | [23] |
Wei et al. | 1999 | IS6110/65kDa antigen/MTF40 multiplex nested PCR | 11 CSF and patients (5 TBM, 6 non-TBM): China | 60 | 66 | [24] |
Caws et al. | 2000 | IS6110 nested PCR | 131 TBM patients: United Kingdom | †75 | †94 | [25] |
Martins et al. | 2000 | MFT64 nested FCR | 73 specimens (30 PF, 26 PB, 17 CSF): Brazil | †70 | †88 | [26] |
Brienza et al. | 2001 | MPT64 nested PCR | 91 patients (41 TBM, 50 non-TBM): Brazil | 53 | 100 | [27] |
Narayanan et al. | 2001 | IS6110/TRC4 single PCR | 96 CSF and patients (67 TBM, 29 non-TBM): India | 80.5/91 | 79/76 | [28] |
Desai et al. | 2002 | pKSIO single PCR | 120 CSF and patients (105 TBM, 15 non-TBM): India | 31 | 100 | [29] |
Rafi and Naghily | 2003 | Single PCR (target not available) | 36 CSF and patients (29 TBM, 6 non-TBM): Iran | 86.2 | 100 | [30] |
Kulkarni et a1. | 2005 | 38 kDa protein single PCR | 60 CSF and patients (30 TBM, 30 non-TBM): India | 90 | 100 | [31] |
Takahashi et al. | 2005 | MPT64 nested PCR | 29 CSF and patients (9 TBM, 20 non-TBM): Japan | 100 | 100 | [32] |
Takahashi and Nakayama | 2006 | MPT64 QNRT-PCR | 29 CSF and patients (9 TBM, 20 non-TBM): Japan | 100 | 100 | [33] |
Quan et a1. | 2006 | IS61 10 single PCR | 74 CSF and patients (25 TBM, 49 non-TBM): China | 75 | 93.7 | [34] |
Desai et al. | 2006 | Single PCR (target not available) | 57 CSF and patients (30 TBM, 27 non-TBM): India | 66.7 | 100 | [35] |
Rafi et al. | 2007 | IS6110 single PCR, MPT64/65kDa antigen nested PCR | 176 CSF and patients (75 TBM, 101 non-TBM): India | 98/91/51 | 100/91/92 | [36] |
Rafi and Naghilys | 2007 | IS6110 uniplex (single) PCR | 945 CSF and patients (677 TBM, 268 non-TBM): India | 76.4 | 89.2 | [37] |
Takahashi et al. | 2007 | MPT64 QNRT-PCR | 63 CSF/28 patients (8 TBM, 20 non-TBM): Japan | 55.8 | 100 | [38] |
Deshpande et a1. | 2007 | IS6110 Single PCR | 80 CSF and patients (51 TBM, 29 non-TBM): India | 91.4 | 75.9 | [39] |
Takahashi et al. | 2008 | MPT64 WR-QNRT-PCR | 96 CSF/53 patients (24 TBM, 29 non-TBM): Japan | 95.8 | 100 | [40, 41] |
Haldar et al. | 2009 | devR qRT-PCR | 167 CSF and patients (81 TBM, 86 non-TBM): India | 87.6 | 92 | [42] |
NAA: nucleic acid amplification, CSF: cerebrospinal fluid, PF: pleural fluids, PB: pleural biopsies, QNRT-PCR: quantitative nested real-time PCR,WR-QNRT-PCR: wide range quantitative nested real-time PCR, pRT-PCR: quantitative real-time PCR, †: results versus culture as gold standard.