Table 3.

Clinical studies conducted in athletes both professional and amatory with posttraumatic pain.

Study	Disease	No. of patients	Study characteristics	Drugs utilized	Control	Period of followup	No. of sessions	Outcome
Cereser et al. 1985 [47]	Pain posttraumatic in rugby professional players	133	R O	NSAIDs, myorelaxant, vasorelaxant, and mepivacaine	NC	up to 4 months	1–4 sessions	Pain reduction and functional recovering of sporting competitive activity in shorter time then conventional therapies
Gribaudo et al. 1982 [48]	Pubic myoenthesitis	256	P O	NSAIDs and vasorelaxant	NC	6 months	from 2 to 5 sessions at 10–20-day intervals	Complete functional recovery after 4 sessions
Lepore and Savino 1983 [49]	Acute lumbosciatic pain in athletes	20	P O	Neuramidium, Procaine	NC	4 months	2–6 sessions	Pain reduction and functional recovery in 90% of pts
Gribaudo et al. 1986 [50]	Patellar tendonitis	126	P O	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), lidocaine, and vasorelaxant	NC	1 month	weekley sessions	85% of pts reach complete pain relief (form 1 to 4 sessions)
Gribaudo et al. 1986 [51]	Ileo-tibial band friction syndrome	40	P O	NSAIDS, vasorelaxant, and anesthetic	NC	3 months	weekly sessions	Pain relief in 55% of pts after 2 sessions; 97.5% after 3 sessions
Gribaudo et al. 1987 [52]	Myonthesitis of the leg	203	P O	NSAIDs, vasorelaxant, and lidocaine	NC	2 months	sessions at 7-8-day intervals	60.8% of pts reach complete recovery with 1 session; 96.6% of pts reach complete recovery with 3 sessions. Mesotherapy was more efficacy in pts with recent pain.

The table lists clinical studies to evaluate the reduction of pain in various clinical conditions. The pain was noted with visual scales.

R: retrospective, P: Prospective, O: open, and NC: noncontrolled.