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Patients (as percentages within each single group) affected by thyroid autoimmunity (TPO-Ab, Tg-Ab, and TSHr-Ab positivity), thyroid dysfunction (TSH < 0.4 mIU/L or >4.2 mIU/L) or the combination. Group A1: GDM pregnant women; group A2: non-GDM pregnant women; group B1: post-GDM women; group B2: healthy mothers. *P < 0.05 versus groups A1 and B2; **P < 0.05 versus group B2 and P < 0.001 versus group A1.
