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. 2012 May 10;135(6):1926–1936. doi: 10.1093/brain/aws104

Table 2.

Brain areas with decreased and increased binding (BPND) of GABAA receptors in patients with Tourette syndrome (analysis used unscaled BPND)

Cluster size Regions (Brodmann areas) x y z Z-value
Brain areas with decreased BPND
607 Left and right caudate nuclei −18 −20 19 5.93
Right and left thalamus (dorsomedian, midline, lateral dorsal, lateral posterior, ventral anterior, ventral lateral nucleus and pulvinar) 6 −13 13 5.14
59 Left caudate nucleus −17 6 18 4.67
144 Right insula 40 −22 21 4.48
Right transverse temporal gyrus (BA 41)
148 Right caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens 6 13 −1 4.35
Left caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, putamen −12 13 −7 4.32
10 Right putamen 20 12 −4 3.74
2 Right insula 34 12 10 3.64
Brain areas with increased BPND
1155 Left pons −12 −23 −29 4.51
Left and right SN −6 −22 −9 4.50
Left periaqueductal grey
Left and right red nuclei
Left and right subthalamic nuclei
366 Left cerebellum, dentate nucleus, left lobules 4–5, 6, 8, 9 −10 −52 −23 3.87
93 Right posterior cingulate gyrus, sulcus calloso-marginalis (BA 31) 20 −10 44 3.86
3 Right cerebellum, dentate nucleus 10 −52 −23 3.35

Cluster size = number of voxels; x, y, z = stereotaxic coordinates in Talairach space.