Table I.
Baseline characteristics by health status declines at one year (N=2002)
| Overall | A | B | C | D | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N= 2002 |
Independence Loss Only N = 257 (12.8%) |
Physical Function Decline Only N = 305 (15.2%) |
Both N = 300 (15.0%) |
Neither N = 1140 (56.9%) |
P* | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (mean ± std. dev.) | 59.3 ± 11.7 | 60.8 ± 12.9 | 59.0±11.3 | 57.9±11.7 | 59.3±11.5 | 0.033 |
| Age distribution (%) | 0.004 | |||||
| <65 | 69.5 | 63.8 | 71.5 | 76.0 | 68.5 | |
| 65–74 | 19.0 | 20.2 | 18.0 | 12.3 | 20.7 | |
| 75–84 | 10.2 | 12.5 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 9.7 | |
| ≥85 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | |
| Female (%) | 31.8 | 40.5 | 29.8 | 42.3 | 27.5 | <0.001 |
| Race (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| White | 74.4 | 58.4 | 71.8 | 63.7 | 81.5 | |
| Black | 20.7 | 36.2 | 21.3 | 30.0 | 14.5 | |
| Other | 5.0 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 4.0 | |
| Married (%) | 58.5 | 43.2 | 56.7 | 49.3 | 64.8 | <0.001 |
| Insured (%) | 82.2 | 78.1 | 80.3 | 66.3 | 87.8 | <0.001 |
| Living alone (%) | 22.1 | 28.0 | 20.8 | 20.1 | 21.6 | 0.093 |
| Medical History | ||||||
| Prior coronary artery disease (%) | 27.4 | 33.9 | 28.5 | 28.0 | 25.4 | 0.050 |
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 5.2 | 9.3 | 6.9 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 0.003 |
| Angina (%) | 13.3 | 18.7 | 10.5 | 15.7 | 12.2 | 0.011 |
| Hypertension (%) | 63.3 | 72.4 | 63.9 | 65.7 | 60.5 | 0.003 |
| Cerebrovascular accident (%) | 3.8 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 0.500 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (%) | 3.6 | 6.2 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 0.114 |
| Diabetes (%) | 26.3 | 35.4 | 28.2 | 27.3 | 23.5 | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung disease (%) | 5.5 | 8.6 | 4.6 | 7.0 | 4.7 | 0.054 |
| Presentation Characteristics | ||||||
| STEMI (%) | 45.9 | 35.8 | 47.5 | 43.7 | 48.2 | 0.003 |
| Killip class ≥2 (%) | 8.5 | 12.2 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 7.2 | 0.066 |
| Revascularization (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| None | 22.8 | 33.1 | 24.9 | 27.7 | 18.7 | |
| PCI | 67.8 | 58.4 | 66.9 | 65.3 | 70.7 | |
| CABG | 9.4 | 8.6 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 10.6 | |
| Preserved ejection fraction (%) | 65.9 | 67.7 | 60.7 | 63.2 | 67.5 | 0.092 |
| Other Hospitalization characteristics | ||||||
| GFR† (%) | 0.035 | |||||
| <30 | 2.4 | 4.0 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 1.6 | |
| 30–59 | 15.4 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 13.1 | 14.9 | |
| 60–89 | 46.9 | 42.9 | 41.6 | 47.7 | 49.1 | |
| ≥90 | 34.3 | 35.7 | 38.6 | 34.9 | 34.4 | |
| Depression (PHQ score >9)‡ (%) | 13.5 | 20.8 | 11.4 | 16.5 | 11.7 | <0.001 |
| Referral to cardiac rehab (%) | 43.9 | 35.8 | 39.7 | 37.3 | 48.5 | <0.001 |
| Aspirin on discharge (%) | 95.5 | 93.4 | 97.4 | 94.3 | 95.7 | 0.104 |
| Beta blocker on discharge (%) | 91.0 | 89.9 | 89.8 | 89.3 | 92.0 | 0.340 |
| Statin on discharge (%) | 88.3 | 85.3 | 89.9 | 86.4 | 86.9 | 0.074 |
| Thienopyridine on discharge (%) | 78.2 | 73.2 | 80.0 | 74.7 | 79.7 | 0.042 |
*
P value represents global test between four sub-categories (A-D)
†
GFR = Glomerular Filtration Rate (mg/dL), calculated by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula
‡
PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire