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. 2012 May 24;8(5):e1002664. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002664

Figure 8. cAMP inhibits S. aureus–induced autophagy.

Figure 8

(A) GFP-LC3 CHO cells were preincubated with 1 mM dybutiryl cAMP (+dbcAMP) for 30 min and then were infected for 4 h in the presence of db cAMP with the wt strain of S. aureus (wt), the mutant deficient for α-hemolysin (Hla−), or the Hla(−) mutant expressing an α-hemolysin plasmid (Hla(−) +pHla). Cells without any treatment were used as control (−dbcAMP). The nucleus and the bacteria were labeled with TOPRO as indicated in Materials and Methods, and immediately visualized by confocal microscopy. Images are representative of two independent experiments. (B) Quantification of the percentage of cells presenting LC3 puncta (i.e., stimulated cells) upon incubation in the different conditions. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01 (paired Student's t-test, n = 50 cells/condition). These data are representative of two independent experiments. (C) Quantification of the number of CFU/ml of CHO cells infected for 3 h with the wt strain of S. aureus, the mutant deficient for α-hemolysin (Hla−), or the Hla(−) mutant expressing an α-hemolysin plasmid in the absence or presence of cAMP. * p<0.05 (paired Student's t-test). These data are representative of two independent experiments.