Table 1.
Functions of purinergic receptor in stem cells and tissue repair
| Tissue/cell | Purinergic receptors | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Kidney epithelial cells | ↑P2R | Induction of cell migration in wounded kidney |
| Kidney | ↑P1 A2aR | Protection during reperfusion (ischemia) |
| Heart | ↑P1 A2A and A2BR | Anti-inflammatory function (ischemia) |
| Heart | ↓P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6,P2Y11R | Protection during reperfusion (ischemia) |
| Substantia nigra | ↑P2X7R | Induction of cell death (Parkinson’s Disease) |
| Brain cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum | ↑P2YR | Modulation of neurotransmitter release (healthy tissue) |
| Human neural progenitor cell | ↑P2Y4, P2Y6R | Induction of proliferation/dopaminergic differentiation of NPCs |
| Brain | ↑P2X7R | Cytokine secretion by microglial (increasing inflammation) |
| Brain | ↓A1, A2AR | Protection against Αβ plaque-mediated neurotoxicity (Alzheimer’s disease) |
| Skin | ↑P2Y1, P2Y2R | Induction of proliferation / migration of basal keratinocytes (wounded tissue) |
| Epidermis | ↑P2X5R | Induction of differentiation to keratinocytes (wounded tissue) |
| Epithelial pulmonary cells | ↑P2Y2R | Activation of Clara-like cells for tissue repair (tissue damage) |
| Bronchial epithelial cells | ↑P1 A2AR | Activation of cell migration and wound repair |
↑ upregulation and ↓ downregulation of purinergic receptor expression