Table 2. Within-province heterogeneity: Tests of equality of means and variances, PNG.
| Year | Equal Means | Equal Variances |
| F-stat. | χ2-stat. | |
| 1976 | 2.770 | 20.982 |
| 1977 | 2.772 | 22.025 |
| 1978 | 2.761 | 23.220 |
| 1979 | 2.744 | 24.421 |
| 1980 | 2.723 | 25.576 |
| 1981 | 2.696 | 26.620 |
| 1982 | 2.650 | 27.081 |
| 1983 | 2.602 | 27.263 |
| 1984 | 2.588 | 26.972 |
| 1985 | 2.571 | 26.479 |
| 1986 | 2.517 | 26.360 |
| 1987 | 2.430 | 26.543 |
| 1988 | 2.344 | 26.431 |
| 1989 | 2.249 | 26.493 |
| 1990 | 2.142 | 27.644 |
| 1991 | 2.009 | 30.829 |
| 1992 | 1.870 | 28.514 |
| 1993 | 1.760 | 27.397 |
| 1994 | 1.715 | 26.980 |
| 1995 | 1.716 | 27.576 |
| 1996 | 1.716 | 29.105 |
| 1997 | 1.713 | 32.695 |
| 1998 | 1.701 | 31.294 |
| 1999 | 1.669 | 31.547 |
| 2000 | 1.669 | 33.628 |
Note: The degrees of freedom for the F-test for equal means and the Bartlett's χ2 test for equal variances are (19, 67) and 17, respectively. stat., statistic.