Fig. 4.

Quercetin added 6 h after RV infection decreases viral load and replication. Cells were infected and treated with quercetin as described in Fig. 3. Cells along with media was collected at 6 (just before adding quercetin) or 24 h (18 h after addition of quercetin or DMSO) after RV infection and infectious viral load was determined (A). Total RNA extracted from cells incubated for a total of 24 h post RV infection was used for determination of vRNA (B). The amplified qPCR product of negative strand RNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis to show the amplified negative-strand vRNA (C). This result was representative of three experiments (^∗p ⩽ 0.05, different from UV-RV in (A and B); and different from sham in (D); ^†p ⩽ 0.05, different from media or DMSO treated cells).