Impact of left and right sham operation (L-SO and R-SO), or cortical traumatic brain injury (L-TBI and R-TBI) on Dyn A levels in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum at 24 h and 7 days after the operation. Dyn A levels are shown as mean values for the left and right hemispheres (L+R/2). ANOVA testing (9 levels) was followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc analyses (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001). Data bars represent means±SD (SD, standard deviation; ANOVA, analysis of variance; Dyn A, dynorphin A).