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TB empyema with multiple bronchial fistulae solved by thoracomyoplasty— personal collection. (a) Aspect of the cavity with multiple large bronchial fistulae (encircled area). (b) The latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior flaps. (c) Closure-reinforcement of the bronchial fistulae. (d) Final aspect at the end of the procedure. Note the associated rib resection and the complete obliteration of the empyema cavity with the use of the muscle flaps.
