Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients according to the cognitive levels.
| Dementia (n = 124) | MCI (n = 98) | C (n = 711) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 81.0 ± 6.2∗‡ | 76.9 ± 6.5 | 75.5 ± 6.9 |
| Gender (female) | 83 (69.9%) | 65 (66.3%) | 391 (54.9%) |
| Instruction (years) | 3.2 ± 3.7†‡ | 5.2 ± 4.0 | 5.6 ± 2.9 |
| Mini mental state examination | 16.2 ± 5.0†‡ | 24.4 ± 1.5§ | 27.0 ± 1.8 |
| Clinical dementia rating scale | 1.4 ± 1.1†‡ | 0.5§ | 0 |
| Activities of daily living | 3.5 ± 2.0†‡ | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 5.3 ± 1.0 |
| Instrumental activities of daily living | 2.5 ± 2.1†‡ | 5.9 ± 2.3 | 6.2 ± 2.2 |
| Cumulative illness rating scale severity | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.7 |
| Cumulative illness rating scale comorbidity | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 2.7 ± 1.5 |
| Geriatric depression scale | 6.0 ± 4.4 | 5.1 ± 3.1 | 5.7 ± 3.0 |
| Mini-nutritional assessment | 18.3 ± 4.7∗‡ | 20.4 ± 4.0 | 20.9 ± 3.5 |
Mean ± standard deviation and frequency (%) are reported. The ANOVA post hoc for multiple comparison analysis confirmed the statistical significance of the P values.
*Dementia versus MCI P < 0.05; †Dementia versus MCI P < 0.001; ‡Dementia versus C P < 0.001; §MCI versus C P < 0.001.