Table 2.

Fasting plasma metabolite and adipocytokine concentrations in IR offspring before and after weight loss

Variable	Before weight loss	After weight loss	P value
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.0 ± 0.2	4.7 ± 0.2	0.02
Insulin (pmol/L)	104.8 ± 9.4	73.4 ± 7.8	0.07
C-peptide (nmol/L)	0.47 ± 0.05	0.35 ± 0.06	0.17
Lactate (mmol/L)	1.05 ± 0.13	0.73 ± 0.07	0.09
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.5 ± 0.2	4.2 ± 0.1	0.18
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.6 ± 0.1	1.7 ± 0.1	0.21
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.5 ± 0.2	2.1 ± 0.2	0.13
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	0.9 ± 0.2	0.9 ± 0.2	0.37
Fatty acids (mmol/L)	0.50 ± 0.06	0.42 ± 0.10	0.30
Uric acid (μmol/L)	189.0 ± 22.5	213.0 ± 23.0	0.14
Leptin (ng/ml)	13.4 ± 2.9	10.8 ± 2.4	0.04
IL-6 (pg/mL)	1.40 ± 0.51	1.00 ± 0.25	0.46
Total adiponectin (μg/mL)	12.3 ± 2.5	12.3 ± 2.7	0.86
TNF-α (pg/mL)	1.44 ± 0.14	1.43 ± 0.28	0.99
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	0.49 ± 0.22	0.45 ± 0.24	0.23
ISI (10−4 dL/min per μU/mL)	2.54 ± 0.15	4.08 ± 0.67*	0.05
Acylcarnitines (μmol/L)	14.4 ± 4.0	17.3 ± 3.6	0.44
Total protein (g/dL)	5.75 ± 0.17	5.68 ± 0.17	0.69
Glycine (mmol/L)	0.20 ± 0.02	0.21 ± 0.03	0.77
Leucine (mmol/L)	0.10 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.01	0.34
Isoleucine (mmol/L)	0.05 ± 0.01	0.05 ± 0.01	0.98
Valine (mmol/L)	0.16 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.02	0.93
Tyrosine (mmol/L)	0.07 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01	0.18
Phenylalanine (mmol/L)	0.04 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.01	0.10
Aspartate (mmol/L)	0.02 ± 0.01	0.02 ± 0.01	0.20
Glutamine/glutamate (mmol/L)	0.23 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.02	0.45
Alanine (mmol/L)	0.33 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.01	0.009

*n = 6.