Table 1.

Biochemical properties of 11-cis-retinal and 11-cis 4-OH retinal

Biochemical property	11-cis-retinal	11-cis 4-OH retinal
Fractional solubilitya
Ringer’s solution	0.34	1
Ringer’s solution, 0.01% BSA	0.74	1
Partition coefficientb
Keq	(1.6 ± 0.5) × 108	(2.9 ± 0.2) × 106
Pigment formation rate constant, Rc
Bovine 2/282 opsin, micelles	0.74 s−1	0.15 s−1
Bovine 2/282 opsin, nanodiscs	0.019 s−1	0.010 s−1
Bovine WT opsin, nanodiscs	0.015 s−1	0.007 s−1
Salamander opsin, nanodiscs	0.053 s−1	0.027 s−1

^aCalculated for 10 µM retinal. We assume the same extinction coefficient for 11-cis-retinal and 11-cis 4-OH retinal.

^bCalculated according to Eq. 1 (see Materials and methods for details).

^cFrom fits of single exponential functions to the data presented in Fig. 5.