Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients receiving second-line ART, according to programme.
| Workplace | Community | ||
| N = 205 (N, %) | N = 212 (N, %) | ||
| Age, years (median, IQR) | 43 (37-49) | 36 (31-42) | |
| Sex, male | 188 (91.7) | 82 (38.7) | |
| Start of first-line ART | |||
| WHO clinical stage III or IV, N = 152/190 | 108 (71.0) | 164 (86.3) | |
| CD4 at start of first-line, cells/mm3 (median, IQR), N = 195/193 | 166 (91-221) | 122 (43-195) | |
| Transfers into programme on ART, N = 185/192 | 20 (10.8) | 100 (52.1) | |
| On first-line ART | |||
| Duration on first-line pre-switch, days (median, IQR) | 695 (447-1019) | 517 (310-754) | |
| Reported non-adherence | 54 (26.3) | 8 (3.8) | |
| Viral suppression,<400 copies/ml, N = 190/151 | 130 (68.4) | 108 (71.5) | |
| At switch to second-line ART | |||
| Documented reason for switch, N = 180/192 | |||
| Treatment failure | 147 (81.7) | 160 (83.3) | |
| Non-adherence | 14 (7.8) | 1 (0.5) | |
| Other e.g. toxicity, pregnancy | 19 (10.6) | 31 (16.1) | |
| Year of switch | |||
| ≤2005 | 43 (21.0) | 11 (5.2) | |
| 2006-2007 | 57 (27.8) | 84 (39.6) | |
| 2008 | 105 (51.2) | 117 (55.2) | |
| Number of new NRTIs in switch regimen | |||
| None | 14 (6.8) | 26 (12.3) | |
| 1 | 7 (3.4) | 46 (21.7) | |
| ≥2 | 184 (89.8) | 140 (66.0) | |
| Duration of viraemia at switch 1 , N = 205/207 | 82 (40.0) | 95 (45.9) | |
| <12 months | |||
| ≥12 months | 123 (60.0) | 112 (54.1) | |
| Duration of viraemia between viral suppression and switch1a, days (median, IQR), N = 129/108 | 365 (173-538) | 218 (115-394) | |
| Duration of viraemia in ART-naïve patients without viral suppression1b, days (median, IQR), N = 60/43 | 538 (330-766) | 368 (114-544) | |
| VL(log10) at switch (median, IQR) | 4.6 (4.1-5.1) | 4.3 (3.7-4.6) | |
| CD4 at switch, cells/mm3 (median, IQR) | 169 (97-235) | 187 (95-270) | |
1
Duration of viraemia was defined as (a) Patients with viral suppression on first-line ART: date of first viral load >400 copies/ml following viral suppression to date of switch, N = 237 (57.5%)1a; (b) ART-naive patients with no viral suppression on first-line ART: date of commencing first-line ART to date of switch, N = 103 (25.0%)1b; (c) Patients with ART-experienced pre-programme who did not achieve viral suppression on first-line ART: assumed to be ≥12months, N = 72 (17.4%). Abbreviations: IQR, inter-quartile range; VL, viral load; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.