Table 2. Characteristics of patients who underwent open valvular heart surgery (VHS), according to the underlying etiology for valve dysfunction, Salvador, Brazil, 2002–2005.
| Characteristic | Patients with available responses (n = 491) | Total VHS patients(n = 491) | VHS patients by underlying etiology for valve dysfunction | ||||
| RHD (n = 296) | Degenerative valvular disease (n = 75) | Endocarditis (n = 22) | Others (n = 98) | ||||
| Number (%) or median (interquartile range)* | |||||||
| Age in years | 489 | 45 (31–63) | 37 (25–48)§ | 69 (63–77) | 49 (38–68) | 60 (49–68) | |
| Male sex | 491 | 241 (49) | 129 (44)§ | 44 (59) | 14 (64) | 54 (55) | |
| Race | 419 | ||||||
| Mixed or black | 235 (56) | 153 (61)§ | 28 (43) | 6 (30) | 48 (56) | ||
| White | 184 (44) | 96 (39) | 37 (57) | 14 (70) | 37 (44) | ||
| Payment source | 484 | ||||||
| Public sector | 274 (57) | 207 (71)§ | 23 (32) | 4 (18) | 40 (41) | ||
| Private health insurance | 210 (43) | 85 (29) | 50 (68) | 18 (82) | 57 (59) | ||
| Operated heart valve† | 479 | ||||||
| Mitral | 276 (58) | 175 (60) | 29 (39) | 13 (59) | 59 (61) | ||
| Aortic | 120 (25) | 53 (18)§ | 36 (48) | 7 (32) | 24 (25) | ||
| Mitral and aortic | 47 (10) | 35 (12)§ | 6 (8) | 1 (5) | 5 (5) | ||
| Mitral and tricuspid | 23 (5) | 13 (4) | 3 (4) | 0 (0) | 7 (7) | ||
| Type of procedure‡ | 412 | ||||||
| Mechanical Prosthesis | 144 (35) | 105 (43)§ | 8 (12) | 6 (35) | 25 (30) | ||
| Biological Prosthesis | 208 (50) | 107 (44)§ | 48 (72) | 6 (35) | 47 (57) | ||
| Surgical repair | 70 (17) | 41 (17) | 11 (16) | 5 (29) | 13 (16) | ||
| Two or more operated valve | 479 | 78 (16) | 55 (19)§ | 10 (13) | 1 (5) | 12 (13) | |
| Prior heart valve surgery | 485 | 92 (19) | 89 (30)§ | 2 (3) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| Death during hospitalization | 489 | 58 (12) | 26 (9)§ | 13 (17) | 7 (32)∥ | 12 (12) | |
Percents were calculated based on the number of available responses. Sum of percents may be different than 100% due to rounding.
Sum of percents is less than 100% because some patients have undergone surgery in other heart valves, including combined surgery for mitral, aortic and tricuspid valves (7 cases), surgery for tricuspid only valve (5) and combined surgery for aortic and tricuspid valves (1).
Sum may be greater than 100% because patients may have undergone more than one procedure.
Data distribution for patients undergoing valve surgery for RHD as the underlying etiology differed significantly from those of patients undergoing valve surgery for any of the other underlying etiologies (P value <0.05).
Data distribution for patients undergoing valve surgery for degenerative valve disease as the underlying etiology differed significantly from those of patients undergoing valve surgery for any of the other underlying etiologies (P value <0.05).
Data distribution for patients undergoing valve surgery for endocarditis unrelated to RHD differed significantly from those of patients undergoing valve surgery for any of the other underlying etiologies (P value <0.05).
VHS = Valvular heart surgery.
RHD = Rheumatic heart disease.
ICU = Intensive care unit.