Table 1.

Diagnosis criteria for dry eye for this study

Having subjective symptoms due to dry eye
Abnormality in tear function
1. Schirmer’s I testing (without anesthesia)	<5 mm
2. Tear film break-up time	<5 seconds
Positive when either of 1 or 2 is applicable
Abnormality in corneal and conjunctival epithelium
1. Fluorescein staining score (range 0–9)	>3
2. Rose bengal staining score (range 0–9)	>3
Positive when either of 1 or 2 is applicable

Notes: The criteria primarily complied with those defined by Japanese Dry Eye Society with a slight modification.¹² Definite dry eye was diagnosed when all conditions were met.