Figure 4.

Prevention of septicemia in the nanomaterial-treated chicks. (A) The blood was harvested from the Salmonella pullorum (SP)-dosed chicks (n = 10 per group) on day 5. (B and C) The isolation of S. typhimurium (ST) in tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract (B), liver, lung, and spleen (C) from Salmonella-fed chicks, was recorded. The infection and the treatment were performed under the same experimental conditions as in Figure 2A. Positive reactions of Salmonella were distinguished by the colony appearance on the MacConkey and the Salmonella–Shigella selective agars.

Notes: *P < 0.05, one-way analysis of variance. Each data represents three independent experiments.

Abbreviations: AgNP, silver nanoparticle; NSP, nanoscale silicate platelet.