Table 1.
Behavioural and cognitive alterations in DS and in the different DS mouse models.
| Trisomy | Hsa21 | Segment of Mmu16 | Segment of Mmu17 | Segment of Mmu10 | Segment of Mmu16, Mmu17, and Mmu10 | Hsa21 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DS | Dp(16)1Yey/+ | Ts65Dn | Ts2Cje | Ts1Cje | Ms1Ts65 | Ts1Rhr | Dep(17)1Yey/+ | Ts1Yah | Dp(10)1Yey/+ | Dp(10)1Yey/+; Dp(16)1Yey/+; Dep(17)1Yey/+ Yu et al., 2010 | Tc1 | |
| Motor skills | Delayed acquisition | Delayed acquisition | ||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Motor coordination | Impaired | Impaired | Impaired | |||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Activity and attention | Reduced attention | Hyperactivity and reduced attention | Normal activity | Normal activity | Normal activity | Increased spontaneous activity | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Context discrimination | Impaired | Impaired | Unchanged | Unchanged | Impaired | |||||||
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| Spatial learning and memory | Impaired | Impaired | Impaired | Impaired | Impaired | Unchanged | Enhanced | Unchanged | Impaired | Impaired | ||
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| Working and reference memory | Impaired | Impaired | Impaired | |||||||||
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| Novel object recognition | Impaired | Impaired | Impaired | |||||||||
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| Operant conditioning | Impaired | |||||||||||