Figure 3.

Protandim treatment protects HCAEC against an oxidative stress. HCAEC were treated with Protandim for 12 hrs, followed by H₂O₂ 4 hrs. (a) Treatment of HCAEC with Protandim prior to an oxidative challenge resulted in significantly fewer apoptotic nuclei as determined by TUNEL assay. (b) Approximately 35% of cells underwent apoptosis without Protandim treatment prior to an oxidative challenge while pre-treatment with Protandim resulted in approximately 5% of cells undergoing apoptosis in response to the same oxidative challenge (n = 18 fields) *P < 0.01 compared to control (no Protandim). Data are presented as mean + SE percent of TUNEL positive (+) nuclei. Ptd: Protandim, Ctr: no Protandim.