Figure 6.

Astrocyte death is accompanied by a release of S100B and changes in inflammatory marker gene expression. (A) quantitative RT-PCR for IL1β, TNFα, macrophage chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and IL10 in normonatremic rats, hyponatremic controls, and 12 hours postcorrection revealed upregulation of these genes. (P < 0.01 for all four genes, ANOVA, n = 5 for each group). (B) A gradual increase in serum S100B occurred after rapid hyponatremia correction with a significant increase beginning 12 hours postcorrection (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.001, ANOVA, n = 5 to 9).