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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Lab Invest. 2012 Mar 26;92(6):827–841. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2012.53

Figure 8. The stimulation of the trans-activity of PPARγ played a critical role in the curcumin-caused elimination of the effect of AGEs on inhibiting gene expression of AGE-R1 in HSCs in vitro.

Figure 8

Serum-starved HSCs were pretreated w/wt the PPARγ antagonist PD68235 (PD) (20 μM) for 30 min prior to the exposure to AGEs (100 μg/ml), or curcumin (20 μM), or both, in serum-depleted media with PGJ2 (5 μM) for additional 24 hr. Total RNA and whole cell extracts were prepared. (A). real-time PCR assays. Values were presented as mRNA fold changes (mean ± s. d., n=3). *p<0.05 vs. cells with no treatment (the 1st column); **p<0.05 vs. cells treated with AGEs alone (the 2nd column); ‡p<0.05 vs. cells treated with both AGEs and curcumin (the 3rd column). (B) Western blotting analyses. β-tubulin was used as an internal control for equal loading. Representatives were shown from three independent experiments. Italic numbers beneath blots were fold changes (mean ± s. d., n=3) in the densities of the bands compared with the control without treatment in the blot, after normalization with the internal invariable control.