Table 1. Studies of EC cell numbers and 5-HT synthesis in IBD and IBS.

GI disorders	EC cells	5-HT	TpH mRNA	Reference
CD		Increased	Increased	Kidd et al.77
CD			Increased	Minderhoud et al.78
UC		Decreased	Decreased	Coates et al.3
CD and UC		Decreased		Magro et al.4
CD and UC	Increased			El-Salhy et al.60
UC	Decreased			Ahonen et al.62
IBS	Increased			Ahonen et al.62
IBS	Unchanged	Decreased		Coates et al.3
IBS-C		Increased		Miwa et al.5

Abbreviations: CD, Crohn's disease; EC, enterochromaffin; GI, gastrointestinal; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; TpH, tryptophan hydroxylase; UC, ulcerative colitis; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine.