FIGURE 1.

Accumulation and activation of p53 in IAV-infected cells. CV-1 (A) and MDCK (B) cells were mock-infected (mock) or infected with influenza A/Swine/Jiangsu/2/2006 (IAV) at a MOI of 5 and 1, respectively. The cells were collected at various time points (hours) postinfection (hpi) and subjected to Western blot analysis using the indicated antibodies. β-actin was used as a protein loading control. C, MDCK cells were transiently co-transfected with a p53-Luc reporter plasmid and a control plasmid Renilla luciferase pRL-TK, 12 h prior to infection. The transfectants were then mock-infected or infected with influenza A/Swine/Jiangsu/2/2006 at a MOI of 1. Cells were collected at the indicated times and subjected to luciferase activity analysis. The firefly luciferase activity of individual cell lysates was normalized to Renilla luciferase activity. Results are presented as the means ± S.E. from three independent experiments. The black and gray bars indicate IAV- and mock-infected cells, respectively.