Table 2.

Ranges of endogenous hormones in humans (from Ref. 108)

Hormone	Free concentration (females)	Total concentration (females)	Free concentration (males)	Total concentration (males)
Cortisol	20–300 ng/ml		20–300 ng/ml
Estradiol	0.5–9 pg/ml (adult female)	<20 pg/ml (prepubertal)		10–60 pg/ml (adult)
		20–800 pg/ml (premenopausal)
		<30 pg/ml (postmenopausal)
Progesterone		0.2–0.55 ng/ml (prepubertal)		0.1–0.4 ng/ml (prepubertal)
		0.02–0.80 ng/ml (follicular phase)		0.2–2 ng/ml (adult)
		0.90–4 ng/ml (luteal phase)
		<0.5 ng/ml (postmenopausal)
Insulin		0–250 pmol/liter		0–250 pmol/liter
GH		2–6 ng/ml		2–6 ng/ml
Prolactin		0–15 ng/ml		0–10 ng/ml
Testosterone	9–150 pg/ml (adult)		0.3–250 ng/ml
Thyroid hormone	8–30 pg/ml (10–35 pm)		8–30 pg/ml (10–35 pm)
TSH	0.5–5 μU/ml		0.5–5 μU/ml