Table 1.
Restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimates of energy, macronutrient and fibre intakes of rural and urban Alberta students in 2005 and 2008 adjusted for SES, age, and sex.
| 2005 | 2008 | P-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy, macronutrients, and fibre* | Rural (n = 2712) | Urban (n = 2145) | Rural (n = 1055) | Urban (n = 4059) | |
| Energy (kcal) | 2011 (1945, 2077) | 2097 (2020, 2175) | 2001 (1910, 2093) | 1975 (1912,2039) | .041† |
| Fat (%kcal) | 31.7 (31.2, 32.2) | 31.7 (31.1, 32.3) | 31.2 (30.5, 31.9) | 30.3 (29.8,30.7) | .002† |
| Saturated fat (%kcal) | 10.8 (10.6, 11.0) | 10.7a(10.5,10.9) | 11.0b (10.7, 11.3) | 10.4c(10.2, 10.6) | .003‡; .033ac; <.001bc |
| Carbohydrate (%kcal) | 54.6 (54.0, 55.3) | 54.8 (54.1, 55.5) | 54.6 (53.7, 55.5) | 55.4 (54.8, 56.0) | >.05†; >.05‡ |
| Protein (%kcal) | 15.3 (15.1, 15.6) | 15.2 (14.9, 15.5) | 15.9 (15.6, 16.3) | 16.1 (15.9, 16.3) | <.001† |
| Fibre (g) | 14.0 (13.4, 14.7) | 14.7 (14.0, 15.4) | 14.7 (13.9, 15.6) | 15.4 (14.8, 15.9) | .03†; .042‡ |
*Reported as mean and 95% Confidence Intervals.
†Main effect for Year (2005 versus 2008).
‡Main effect for (Rural versus Urban).
As a followup to significant interaction superscripts in each row indicate source of significant differences at P < .05 using a test of simple effects.