Table 3.

Prospective association of exclusive breast-feeding with subsequent risk of morbidity episodes among children during 6–24 months of life, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

	6–12 months			12–24 months
Outcome	RR	95 % CI	P	RR	95 % CI	P
Respiratory infection
Cough*	0·90	0·82, 0·99	0·03	0·92	0·84, 1·00	0·05
Cough and fever†	0·93	0·83, 1·04	0·19	0·96	0·85, 1·09	0·52
Cough and difficulty breathing or chest retraction   or refusal to feed†	1·01	0·85, 1·20	0·94	1·06	0·90, 1·24	0·48
Cough and rapid respiratory rat†	1·20	0·77, 1·87	0·42	1·07	0·84, 1·36	0·60
Diarrhoea‡
Acute	0·96	0·85, 1·08	0·50	0·99	0·88, 1·10	0·80
Watery	0·95	0·82, 1·11	0·52	1·00	0·86, 1·16	0·95
Dysentery	0·97	0·84, 1·13	0·71	0·97	0·85, 1·11	0·65
Fever and hospitalizations§
Fever	0·95	0·86, 1·04	0·29	0·98	0·89, 1·09	0·74
Hospitalization	1·10	0·86, 1·41	0·45	1·12	0·89, 1·43	0·33
Outpatient visit	0·98	0·88, 1·10	0·77	1·05	0·95, 1·17	0·33

RR, rate ratio; MUAC, mid upper-arm circumference; HAZ, height-for-age Z-score; WAZ, weight-for-age Z-score; WHZ, weight-for-height Z-score.

^*Adjusted for child HIV status, MUAC, HAZ, WAZ, WHZ, gender, birth weight and birth height; and maternal viral load, CD4 count, Hb, BMI, MUAC, age, education, occupation, social support, clinical depression, partner education, number of living children, calendar year of delivery and type of delivery.

^†Adjusted for child HIV status and MUAC; and maternal occupation, MUAC and partner education.

^‡Adjusted for child MUAC; and maternal social support, clinical depression score, CD4 count, Hb, year of delivery and number of living children.

^§Adjusted for child birth weight, HIV status, WAZ and WHZ; and maternal clinical depression score, BMI and year of delivery.