Table 1. Characteristics of the study population by co-colonization status*.
| Characteristic | MRSA/VRE co-colonization (n = 65) | No co-colonization (n = 2,375) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic variable | |||
| Mean age, y (SD) | 61.1 (15.1) | 55.7 (16.0) | <0.01 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 43 (66.2) | 1,277 (53.8) | 0.05 |
| Variables from current admission | |||
| Type of ICU (MICU), n (%) | 49 (75.4) | 1,014 (42.7) | <0.01 |
| Transfer from another hospital, n (%) | 10 (15.4) | 711 (29.9) | <0.01 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| HIV/AIDS, n (%) | 3 (4.6) | 77 (3.2) | 0.54 |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 6 (9.2) | 423 (17.8) | 0.07 |
| Cardiac disease, n (%) | 20 (30.8) | 486 (20.5) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 14 (21.5) | 486 (20.5) | 0.83 |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 2 (3.1) | 182 (7.7) | 0.17 |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 3 (4.6) | 74 (3.1) | 0.50 |
| Mean Charlson comorbidity score (SD) | 2.1 (2.2) | 2.3 (2.3) | 0.37 |
| Antimicrobial drugs before culture | |||
| Vancomycin, n (%) | 14 (21.5) | 226 (9.5) | <0.01 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam, n (%) | 17 (26.2) | 398 (16.8) | 0.05 |
| Imipenem, n (%) | 2 (3.1) | 72 (3.0) | 0.98 |
| Cephalosporins, n (%) | 7 (10.8) | 426 (17.9) | 0.14 |
| Aminoglycosides, n (%) | 4 (6.2) | 109 (4.6) | 0.55 |
| Fluoroquinolones, n (%) | 11 (16.9) | 223 (9.4) | 0.04 |
| Variables from previous admissions | |||
| Previous MRSA colonization/infection | 31 (47.7) | 145 (6.1) | <0.01 |
| Previous VRE colonization/infection | 18 (27.7) | 178 (7.5) | <0.01 |
| Hospital admission (<1 y), n (%) | 37 (57.9) | 751 (31.6) | <0.01 |
| ICU admission (<1 y), n (%) | 17 (26.2) | 309 (13.0) | <0.01 |
| Antimicrobial drugs during admission (<1 y), n (%) | 33 (50.8) | 606 (25.5) | <0.01 |
*MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci; SD, standard deviation; ICU, intensive care unit; MICU, medical ICU.