Table 1. Clinical relevance of CIN.
| Cancer type | Method of measuring CIN | Associated outcomes | Additional details | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung cancer (NSCLC) | FISH (n = 63) | Poor prognosis (OS and DFS) | Korean patients | Choi et al [4] |
| FISH (n =47) | Poor prognosis (OS) | Korean patients | Yoo et al [51] | |
| FISH (n = 50) | Poor prognosis (OS) | Nakamura et al [52] | ||
| 12-gene signature (n = 647) | Poor prognosis (OS) | Multiple datasets | Mettu et al [66] | |
| CIN70 signature (n = 62) | Poor clinical outcome | Carter et al [5] | ||
| Breast cancer | SSI (n = 890) | Poor prognosis (OS) | CIN measured within diploid, tetraploid and aneuploid classified tumours | Kronenwett et al [55] |
| SNP (n = 313) | Poor prognosis (MFS) | Significant in ER-positive, luminal B and HER2-positive subtypes (not in ER-negative patients) | Smid et al [46] | |
| 12-gene signature (n = 469) | Poor prognosis (DFS and RFS) | Multiple datasets | Habermann et al [9] | |
| CIN70 signature (n = 1866) | Poor clinical outcome | Multiple datasets | Carter et al [5] | |
| FISH (n = 31) | Lymph node metastasis and ER negativity | Takami et al [50] | ||
| Myelodysplastic syndrome | FISH (n = 65) | Poor prognosis (DFS) | Heilig et al [102] | |
| Endocrine pancreatic tumours | CGH (n = 62) | Metastasis | Jonkers et al [79] | |
| Colon cancer | 12-gene signature (n = 92) | Recurrence of colon cancer | Multiple datasets | |
| Flow cytometry/image cytometry (n = 10126) | Poor prognosis | Meta-analysis | Walther et al [6] | |
| Ovarian cancer | 12-gene signature (n = 124) | Poor prognosis (RFS) | Mettu et al [66] | |
| Endometrial cancer | SNP (n = 31) | Poor prognosis (OS) | Murayama-Hosokawa et al [70] | |
| Synovial sarcoma | CGH (n = 22) | Poor prognosis (OS) | Nakagawa et al [71] | |
| Oral cancer (SCCs) | FISH (n = 77) | Poor prognosis (OS and DFS) | Sato et al [53] | |
| FISH (n =20) | (Loco) regional tumour outgrowth | Bergshoeff et al [103] | ||
| Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma | Anaphase segregation errors (n = 54) | Poor prognosis (RFS) | Bakhoum et al [48] |
CGH, comparative genome hybridization; DFS, disease-free survival; ER, oestrogen receptor; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; MFS, metastasis-free survival; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; OS, overall survival; RFS, relapse-free survival; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; SSI, stem line scatter index.