. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Popul Res Policy Rev. 2012 Feb;31(1):1–30. doi: 10.1007/s11113-011-9221-6

Table 7.

First and second stage regressions to explore selection issue

I. First stage regression, binomial probit of worked and worked full-time while pregnant:

	Worked	Worked full-time
Disabled before first birth	−0.5315^c (0.0808)	−0.5400^c (0.0823)
Black, non-Hispanic	−0.3078^c (0.0354)	−0.2345^c (0.0350)
Hispanic	−0.5771^c (0.0353)	−0.4789^c (0.0356)
Other race, non-Hispanic	−0.4552^c (0.0462)	−0.3872^c (0.0454)
Married, spouse present	−0.0575^b (0.0271)	−0.0496^a (0.0265)
Potential experience	0.0353^c (0.0065)	0.0408^c (0.0064)
Education: less than high school degree	−0.6039^c (0.0458)	−0.5678^c (0.0468)
Education: some college	0.3314^c (0.0315)	0.2897^c (0.0308)
Education: college degree or higher	0.5590^c (0.0462)	0.4605^c ^c (0.0442)
Had first birth before completing schooling	−0.1373^c (0.0294)	−0.1617^c (0.0287)
Lagged employment to population ratio, males aged 25–64	−0.0028 (0.0101)	−0.0076 (0.0097)
Employment to population ratio, males aged 25–64	0.0340^c (0.0115)	0.0310^c (0.0111)
	(0.1923)	(0.1845)
Constant	−2.3660^b (1.1886)	−1.9304^a (1.1609)
Observations	14008	14008
Log likelihood	−7,670	−8,255

II. Second stage regression, multinomial probit estimates

	Part-time vs. Full-time			Stay home vs. Full-time

	No selection term	Worked	Worked full-time	No selection term	Worked	Worked full-time
Inverse Mills ratio		1.7868^b (0.7797)	1.9021^c (0.7370)		0.5958 (0.7078)	0.7431 (0.6954)
FMLA in effect	0.4163^b (0.2069)	0.4249^b (0.2070)	0.4251^b (0.2070)	0.2864 (0.1904)	0.2893 (0.1904)	0.2898 (0.1904)
FMLA time trend (1993–2002)	−0.0462 (0.0703)	−0.0508 (0.0704)	−0.0519 (0.0704)	−0.0699 (0.0665)	−0.0715 (0.0666)	−0.0720 (0.0666)
Square of FMLA time trend (1993–2002)	0.0106^a (0.0058)	0.0109^a (0.0058)	0.0110^a (0.0058)	0.0146^c (0.0055)	0.0147^c (0.0055)	0.0147^c (0.0055)
State law in effect	0.3267^c (0.0757)	0.3243^c (0.0757)	0.3244^c (0.0757)	0.1820^b (0.0739)	0.1808^b (0.0739)	0.1807^b (0.0739)
Log likelihood	−6,629	−6,626	−6,626	−6,629	−6,626	−6,626

Note: Regression includes controls for birth cohort and age at birth

Standard errors in parentheses

significant at 10%;

significant at 5%;

significant at 1%

Note: Includes same controls as Table 4, model 1(c)