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. 2012 Jul 5;367(1597):1879–1891. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0222

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This journal is © 2012 The Royal Society

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — (a) Spectrograms of chick-a-dee calls of Carolina chickadees, Poecile carolinensis. (b) Spectrograms of chick-a-dee calls of three titmouse species: top, tufted titmouse, Beaolophus bicolor; middle, bridled titmouse, B. wollweberi; bottom, oak titmouse, B. inornatus. In each spectrogram, the y-axis represents frequency (0–11 kHz) and the x-axis represents time (seconds). Spectrograms were generated using Avisoft SASLab Pro (Raymund Specht, Berlin, Germany), with a fast Fourier transform (FFT) of 512, frame 100%, Blackman window function and resolution 43 Hz.