Table 1.
Distribution of demographic and health-related characteristics of the EHDIC-SWB participants by race
| Variable | Non-Hispanic whites (n = 573) | African-Americans (n = 835) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 42.6 ± 16.2 | 37.5 ± 13.3* |
| Female (%) | 56.9 | 54.4 |
| Married/living as married (%) | 24.1 | 14.1* |
| Education (%) | ||
| Less than HS graduate | 47.5 | 35.4* |
| HS diploma/GED | 34.2 | 45.1* |
| Education beyond HS | 18.3 | 19.5 |
| Income (dollars), mean ± SD | 24,816.76 ± 23,414.73 | 23,471.20 ± 32,485.74* |
| Any chronic disease (%) | 54.6 | 42.6* |
| Obesity (%) | 29.9 | 32.1 |
| Poor/fair health (%) | 37.4 | 28.2* |
| Drinking status (%) | ||
| Never drink | 16.6 | 20.5 |
| Former drinker | 40.4 | 31.1* |
| Current drinker | 43.0 | 48.4* |
| Smoking status (%) | ||
| Never smoke | 15.5 | 22.6* |
| Former smoker | 10.5 | 6.6* |
| Current smoker | 74.0 | 70.8 |
| Religious service attendance (%) | ||
| Never | 47.9 | 24.0* |
| Once or twice a year | 19.3 | 19.3 |
| Every month or so | 6.5 | 8.6 |
| Once or twice a month | 8.3 | 17.7* |
| Every week or more often | 13.4 | 20.3* |
| More than once a week | 4.6 | 10.1* |
| Depression | 15.4 | 10.1* |
Any chronic disease is based on participant report of being diagnosed with at least one of the following: hypertension, heart disease or heart attack, cancer, stroke, diabetes or sugar diabetes, or breathing problems such as asthma or emphysema
*p < 0.05