Table 2.
Background characteristics of pregnant women (N = 6,499)
| Non-CJ pregnant women (N = 6,179) | Pregnant female offenders (N = 320) | |
|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | |
| Age | ||
| 12–17 years | 446 (7.2%)*** | 87 (27.2%)*** |
| 18–25 years | 4,083 (66.1%)*** | 206 (64.4%)*** |
| 26–34 years | 1,340 (21.7%)*** | 20 (6.2%)*** |
| 35 or older | 310 (5.0%)*** | 7 (2.2%)*** |
| Race and ethnicity | ||
| Asian | 162 (2.6%)*** | 4 (1.2%)*** |
| Black | 961 (15.6%)*** | 67 (20.9%)*** |
| Hispanic | 1,256 (20.3%)*** | 72 (22.5%)*** |
| Native American/Pacific Islander | 142 (2.3%)*** | 22 (6.9%)*** |
| White | 3,482 (56.4%)*** | 146 (45.6%)*** |
| Other | 127 (2.8%)*** | 7 (3.1%)*** |
| Total family income | ||
| Less than $20,000 | 1,967 (31.8%)*** | 165 (51.6%)*** |
| $20,000–$49,999 | 2,522 (40.8%)*** | 106 (33.1%)*** |
| $50,000–$74,999 | 906 (14.7%)*** | 28 (8.8%)*** |
| $75,000 or more | 784 (12.7%)*** | 21 (6.6%)*** |
| Employment status | ||
| Unemployed | 2,812 (45.5%)*** | 227 (70.9%)*** |
| Employed full-time or part-time | 3,367 (54.5%)*** | 93 (29.1%)*** |
| Educational achievement | ||
| 12–17 years old | 446 (7.2%)*** | 87 (27.2%)*** |
| Less than high school | 1,355 (21.9%)*** | 105 (32.8%)*** |
| High school graduate | 1,970 (31.9%)*** | 87 (27.2%)*** |
| Some college | 1,448 (23.4%)*** | 36 (11.2%)*** |
| College graduate | 960 (15.5%)*** | 5 (1.6%)*** |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 2,974 (48.5%)*** | 52 (17.3%)*** |
| Widowed | 11 (0.2%)*** | 2 (0.7%)*** |
| Divorced or separated | 342 (5.6%)*** | 13 (4.3%)*** |
| Never been married | 2,810 (45.8%)*** | 234 (77.7%)*** |
| Had minor children in the household | 3,155 (51.1%)*** | 115 (36.3%)*** |
| Health insurance | ||
| Not covered by any health insurance | 765 (12.4%)** | 63 (19.7%)** |
| Covered by some health insurance | 5,414 (87.6%)** | 257 (80.3%)** |
| Self-perceived health status | ||
| Excellent | 1,347 (30.2%)*** | 45 (20.2%)*** |
| Very good | 1,716 (38.4%)*** | 70 (31.4%)*** |
| Good | 1,133 (25.4%)*** | 87 (39.0%)*** |
| Fair/poor | 268 (6.0%)*** | 21 (9.4%)*** |
| Current trimester of pregnancy | ||
| First 3 months | 1,807 (29.5%)** | 120 (38.2%)** |
| Second 3 months | 2,242 (36.6%)** | 115 (36.6%)** |
| Third 3 months | 2,069 (33.8%)** | 79 (25.2%)** |
Data: weighted data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002–2008
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001