Table 2.

Genetic distances averaged from Table 1 corresponding to the nodes of the tree of Fig. 1a and therefore to the settlement of continents from Africa, and the probable time of occurrence of these settlements on the basis of archeological data

Settlement of	D	T	D/T
West Asia from Africa	21.1	100	0.21
Oceania from Southeast Asia	12.9	55	0.23
Europe from Asia	9.6	40	0.24
America from Asia	8.9	15–40	0.59–0.22

The ratio D/T is expected to be constant if evolutionary rates are constant. D, genetic distance; T, time in thousands of years past.