. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jun 6.

Published in final edited form as: Appl Psycholinguist. 2007 Dec 12;29(1):3–19. doi: 10.1017/S0142716408080016

Table 7.

Means (standard deviations) of the proportion of correct verb use across participant groups

Structure	Groups
Structure	EL1TLD	BTLD	EL1LI	BLI	EL2
-ed	0.91 (0.13)	0.86 (0.14)	0.74 (0.30)	0.72 (0.34)	0.73 (0.37)
Third person sing.	0.50 (0.50)	0.31 (0.31)	0.01 (0.04)	0.18 (0.19)	0.10 (0.17)
Auxiliary BE
Present tense	0.81 (0.24)	0.96 (0.10)	0.66 (0.45)	0.44 (0.43)	0.69 (0.43)
Past tense	0.94 (0.11)	0.97 (0.05)	0.80 (0.27)	0.77 (0.26)	0.98 (0.07)
Copula BE
Present tense	1 (0.00)	0.92 (0.18)	0.38 (0.33)	0.72 (0.34)	0.68 (0.35)
Past tense	0.98 (0.04)	0.99 (0.03)	0.95 (0.12)	0.73 (0.32)	0.88 (0.15)
Auxiliary DO
Present tense	1 (0.00)	1 (0.00)	0.33 (0.58)	0.25 (0.35)	0.75 (0.46)
Past tense	1 (0.00)	1 (0.00)	1 (0.00)	1 (0.00)	1 (0.00)

Note: EL1TLD, English as a first language speakers with typical language development; EL1LI, English as a first language speakers with language impairment; BTLD, bilingual speakers with typical language development; BLI, bilingual speakers with language impairment; EL2, English as a second language learner.